PTPN6/SHP-1 in autoimmune disease: immune tolerance, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic targeting.
PTPN6 encodes SHP-1, a central regulator of immune tolerance and a critical signaling brake across innate and adaptive immunity in autoimmune disease. Predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells, SHP-1 restrains receptor-proximal signaling downstream of antigen, cytokine, and…