Macrophage heterogeneity governs the balance between fibrosis and tissue protection in systemic sclerosis.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc), especially its life-threatening interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), urgently requires targeted therapies. This review highlights how macrophage heterogeneity, transcending the obsolete M1/M2 paradigm, acts as a central orchestrator of the pathogenic "f…