Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) for the Knee: Historical Development, Age Related Outcomes, and Future Directions.
Articular cartilage defects of the knee remain a major clinical challenge because hyaline cartilage possesses very limited intrinsic healing capacity. Untreated lesions often lead to pain, functional impairment, and progressive joint degeneration. Autologous chondrocyte implanta…